Federal Grants

The federal government has a number of grant programs for students who have demonstrated a financial need. In the 2007-2008 academic year, nearly half of all undergraduate students received some form of financial aid from the government. Twenty percent of those students received a grant. The main type of federal grant is the Pell Grant, which is only offered to students enrolled in associates or bachelors degree programs. To qualify for a federal grant, or any type of federal student aid, a student needs to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). The sooner a student completes the FAFSA, the better, as each school is only given a certain amount of grant money.

Students who are eligible for a Pell Grant might also be eligible for a Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG). The FSEOG is given to students based on need, so the students with the greatest amount of financial need are more likely to receive the grant. The grants are also awarded on a first come, first served basis. Amounts of the grant vary from $100 to up to $4,000.

A Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education Grant (TEACH) is given to a student who promises to teach in a high-need area after graduation. Before a student can receive the grant, they need to sign an agreement, pledging to work in a high need field, teaching elementary or secondary students or working with an educational service agency that works with students from low-income families. The student must also agree to finish a four-year degree within eight years. TEACH grants aren’t need-based, but a student does need to maintain a grade point average of at least 3.25.

• Federal Student Aid – Grants and Scholarships
• Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant
• TEACH Grants

Pell Grants

The big federal grant is the Pell grant, which is given to students who have yet to earn a bachelor’s degree. The maximum amount of the grant varies from year to year. For the 2012-2013 school year, the maximum was $5,550. Grants awarded are equal to or less than the maximum based on the student’s need. The size of the grant also depends on the student’s enrollment level. A student enrolled part-time will most likely receive a smaller grant than a student who is full-time. Unlike the FSEOG, the Pell Grant is not given on a first come, first served basis. Each student who qualifies for the grant will receive the amount they are eligible for. Starting in 2012, students were only able to receive the Pell Grant for up to 12 semesters.

• Pell Grants
• Federal Pell Grant Eligibility

State Grants

Several states also offer grant programs to college students. Like federal grants, state grants are often awarded based on a student’s financial need. In a lot of cases, state grants are given to students who are residents of the state and who decide to attend a college in their home state. The grants are usually not given if a student leaves the state to attend college. A student who is interested in finding out about any grants available in their state should contact the school they are applying to or get in touch with the education department in their state.

• PA State Grant Program
• California State University Grants
• NY Tuition Assistance Program

Specific Career Grants

Students who know that they will pursue a particular career path should think about finding grants and scholarships for that major or career. Grants for specific careers often have more requirements than need-based grants. A student typically has to demonstrate some talent in the field. For example, if a student wants to be a writer and pursues a writing grant, they will more likely than not need to submit a writing sample with the grant application. Grades are also important when applying for career grants or scholarships. Many scholarships require that a student maintain a 3.0 GPA, if not higher.

• SMART Scholarship
• Women in Science and Engineering Grant Program
• Incoming Freshman Grants and Talent Scholarships
• National Institutes of Health Undergraduate Scholarship Program

Minority Grants

Grants for minority students encourage students from ethnic groups or genders who are usually underrepresented in higher education to apply to and attend college. Some minority grants are intended to encourage students to stay in school beyond freshman year. The goal of these grants is to encourage and improve diversity at college campuses. Some grant or scholarship programs are awarded based on a student’s ethnicity, while others are given to female students. Some minority scholarships and grants are awarded to students with learning or physical disabilities. As with other grants, the student needs to maintain a certain GPA and might need to demonstrate financial need.

• Undergraduate Retention Grant
• Lettie Pate Whitehead Foundation Grants
• United Negro College Fund

In contrast to loans, grants don’t need to be paid back by a student who uses them making them an ideal way to pay for college. Grants are available from many public and private institutions and organizations, but can be up to you to locate and apply for them. When beginning your search you can ask your teachers and counselors about the grants that are most closely associated with your high school or the college which you plan to attend. Your state’s department of higher education or its equivalent maybe be able to provide you with a list of grants that are open to students who live in your state. You can also search the Internet for options. Start your hunt for grants early, so you can make sure to meet all deadlines, and have a better chance at obtaining them. The federal government can be a great place to begin applying for grants, like the Federal Pell Grant and the Academic Competitiveness Grant. You can begin the process of obtaining grants by using the Free Application for Federal Student Aid to demonstrate your financial need to all grant sources.

• Free Application for Federal Student Aid

101 Grants

There are grants available for every type of educational trajectory that you can think of and every kind of potential college student. While most people assume that grants are only need-based, the fact is that grants exist for many different types of students and situations. For example, you can earn a grant based on merit, your intended major and even if you plan to study abroad. You can get a grant based on your ethnicity, sex, medical conditions, and even your hobbies. Some grants can be more specific, and can require two or more of these attributes to qualify for them. Successfully applying and obtaining a grant starts with simply knowing which grants you are eligible for. Use the below information as a guide to obtain some of the more popular college grants.

• Applying for a Grant: The General Approach

Athletic

Athletic grants can be available to you if you are a high-performing athlete, or someone who is interested in pursing a career in an athletics-related field. The criteria for these types to grants can vary. For example, aside from a minimum GPA being met and having references, athletes may be required to place highly in competitions, undergo drug testing, and act as a public face for the organization bestowing the grant. Grants that focus on the clinical side of athletics, such as research, may require that its applicants submit proposals, abstracts and other scientific materials before grant money is awarded. The particular criteria for each type of athletic grant can be different, but many require the submission of basic materials, like transcripts and references.

• Athletics Grants

Housing

Grants can also be applied towards your housing needs, especially if you plan to live on campus. You can obtain these grants through federal, state and other sources, like the very college you attend. Some may even be earmarked as grants that are to be specifically dispensed for housing costs. If you’re interested in a housing grant offered by your college, you may want to consult with financial aid or housing department officers at your school. The extremely high cost of housing may require that you look to other options to pay your housing bills. For example, you may have to work extra hard to find more grants for your housing costs, or you may have to consider getting loans to meet the bill each semester.

• Grants and Scholarships

Minority

If you belong to a specific minority group, such as an ethnic group or another group that is underrepresented, there may be grants that have been tailored specifically for you to use. Students who are of a specific heritage may be able to obtain grants from ethnic foundations. People of every ethnic background, but who also have disabilities, can also fall into the minority category, and can qualify for these types of grants. Women, too, can obtain minority grants, if their chosen field of study is one that has been traditionally dominated by men, which can cause them to be considered underrepresented. Like other grants, grants specifically geared towards minorities can be obtained from federal, state, institutional and private sources. If you identify with one or more groups, research grants that represent your particular minority group and apply for them. You should also not forget to apply for general aid, despite the many college grants open to ethnic minorities. You’ll have a better chance at meeting your college costs, if you apply for as much grant and aid money as you can.

• Grants

Keeping fit while starting college can be a challenge, especially if you’re on a budget. Luckily, there are many easy and low-cost ways to maintain your physical health while at a new school. Walking to class, investing in portable exercise equipment, and creating fitness groups can be the beginning of your journey to post-high school fitness. Getting involved on campus, eating the right foods, and drinking plenty of water can also help you control your weight and maintain good health. Visit your college’s health center for more information on staying fit while on campus, and ideas on how to keep your body lean and optimally conditioned.

Walk to Class

If your campus is particularly large, a public transit or shuttle system may be available to transport you from class to class. Consider walking or jogging to your classes instead. Not only will you avoid the crowd, you’ll also get your heart pumping. After class, simply walking around campus and taking in the sights can be a great workout for you, and can be an effective fitness option for those who attend campuses in rural settings. Walking just half an hour a day can contribute to weight loss, lower blood pressure, and overall better health. Similarly, always choose to take stairs to your destination instead of elevators and escalators.

Keep Some Cheap Exercise Equipment

If you live in a dorm or any shared living area, finding the space and privacy to work out can be a bit difficult. Thankfully, portable exercise equipment like resistance bands and stability balls mean that you can take these items anywhere and exercise. Portable exercise equipment like this can be the answer for those that are living on campus in an urban area. Keep in mind that you can also exercise in your dorm room without equipment: try jumping jacks, push-ups and squats.

Get Involved

Immersing yourself in campus activities can help you get into shape. Joining intramural sports or dance clubs can contribute to keeping you fit while letting you have some fun. You might also meet people who will teach you about other exercise techniques like yoga or pilates. You’re also more likely to meet potential fitness partners in these groups.

Create Your Own Fitness Groups

Though some colleges may offer discounts for local gym memberships, signing up for memberships to a fitness center can hit your wallet hard, if you’re on a budget. You can get the benefits of regular workouts by finding like-minded people and creating a fitness group of your own. You can work out together, share equipment, stay motivated and get new ideas on how to burn calories with fitness partners. Try advertising your group around your dorm, or on bulletin boards around campus. Find cheap ways to exercise, like running, bicycling or using the college’s pool for a lap or two. Consider using your campus’ gym, if it has one. You may be able to use the facilities for free, as long as you present your student I.D. at the door.

Choose the Right Foods

The fast-paced rigors of college can make convenient and greasy foods tempting to eat. Try buying fruits and vegetables that are in season for a healthy way to fill your stomach and get your necessary fruit and vegetable intake on the cheap. Know that you can buy store-brand frozen or canned fruits and vegetables at even lower prices. If you want to try inexpensive sources of protein to keep yourself lean, consider buying beans, eggs and nut products like peanut butter instead of more meat. Keep healthy snacks around like salt-free pretzels, granola bars, yogurt, and string cheeses for tasty ways to curb your appetite.

Drink Water

Drinking adequate amounts of water can promote good health and contribute to better body functioning. It can also help you shed pounds, because water consumption tricks your body into believing that your stomach is full. Drinking 8-10 glasses of water a day will help keep you adequately hydrated after workouts. To save money, consider foregoing your prepackaged water bottles, and buying a water bottle with a built in filter instead.

The Benefits of College Health Centers

College health centers are your go-to source for health and fitness. They can provide you with the advice and information necessary to remain healthy while you’re in your new educational setting. You may have access to dietitians, doctors and other health professionals that will make your road to fitness easier. Visit your college’s health center for dietary advice, health education, vaccinations, and general health issues.

• How to Stay Healthy at College
• The College Guide to Eating Healthy and Staying Fit
• Smart Eating Guide for First-Time College Students
• Cheap Eats: How to Find Healthy Food
• Ithaca College Health Center
• Hamilton College Health Center
• D’Youville College Health Center
• UCLA Student Health & Wellness
• University Health Center at the University of Georgia
• Running Meetup Groups

Undergraduate Exams- ACT

The ACT was first created as a test that could compete with the more popular SAT, and is accepted throughout the U.S. Some universities put more emphasis on scores from one test to the other, as do some regions of the United States. The ACT generally consists of four components which are English, Mathematics, Reading, and Science Reasoning. However, a writing test was added as an optional feature in later exams. Scores on the ACT can determine admission into a university as well as scholarship eligibility.

• The ACT-The official website for the ACT.
• ACT Student- A website for students who wish to register for the ACT. This site also includes information about dates, deadlines, scores, and other useful information.
• All four-year U.S. colleges now accept ACT test-A news article explaining the growth of the ACT test.
• ACT Test Preparation-Contains different options for students that want to prepare for the ACT.
• ACT Test Study Guide (PDF)- A detailed study guide for students that want to study for the ACT.

Undergraduate Exams-SAT

The SAT is one of the oldest standardized tests around, and for the longest time was the only standardized test accepted at some universities. This test includes three sections: Critical Reading, Mathematics, and Writing. Like the ACT, scores on the SAT are used to determine admission and financial aid.

• College Board- The official site of the SAT which includes information about the test and registration.
• A Brief History of the SAT- A look at the history of the SAT.
• College Test Prep Takes a Test- A research report that compares different types of SAT preparation courses and plans.
• SAT Study Strategy-Information on how to improve an SAT score.

Graduate Exams-GRE

The GRE is an exam for students who are graduating or have graduated and who wish to go to graduate school. This tests reviews general information acquired during undergraduate education and consists of six sections: Analytical writing, two verbal reasoning, two quantitative reasoning, and an experimental/research section. GRE scores are used to determine admission into graduate schools.

• Educational Testing Services- Official website of the GRE that includes information about the test.
• GRE Test Prep-A list of test preparation sites for the GRE.
• What is a Good Score on the New GRE?-Information about the current GRE as well as information on scoring.

Graduate Exams-GMAT

The GMAT is a graduate exam that is intended for students seeking higher education in management careers. People applying for graduate degrees in management are required to take this exam. The GMAT consists of a verbal, mathematical, and analytical writing section.

• The Official GMAT Web Site-The official website for the GMAT exam.
• Graduate Management Admission Council-Information from the Graduate Management Admission Council on the GMAT.
• GMAT Practice Test- Practice test for the GMAT.

Graduate Exams-LSAT

The LSAT is a graduate exam that is geared towards law students. Students applying for law school must take this exam. The LSAT consists of two logical reasoning sections, a reading comprehension section, an analytical reasoning section, an unscored variable section that is used to test new questions for tests in the future, and a writing sample section.

• Law School Admission Council-Official website for the LSAT.
• Recommend LSAT Study Guide(PDF)- A study guide for the LSAT.

Graduate Exams-MCAT

The MCAT is a graduate exam that was made for medical students. Students who are working towards careers in higher medical fields must take this exam. The MCAT contains four sections: Physical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Verbal Reasoning, and Writing Sample.

• Association of American Medical Colleges-Official site for the MCAT.

Graduate Exams-PCAT

The PCAT is a graduate exam for pharmacology students. Students applying for a pharmacy college must take this exam. This test includes seven sections which are Verbal Ability, Quantitative Ability, Biology, Chemistry, Reading Comprehension, and two writing sections.

• Pharmacy College Admission Test- Official site for the PCAT.
• Pearson Assessment & Information- Information on the PCAT including dates and registration.
• American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy-Information on the PCAT from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP).
• The PCAT: The Pharmacy College Admissions Test- A summary of PCAT as well as tips for preparation.

Graduate Exams-DAT

The DAT is a graduate exam aimed at prospective dental school students. Students who wish to apply to dentistry school must take this exam. The DAT contains four sections with several subsections: Natural Sciences, Perceptual Ability, Reading Comprehension, and Quantitative Reasoning.

• American Dental Association-Official site for the DAT from the American Dental Association.
• Take the DAT- An overview of the DAT from the American Dental Education Association.

Graduate Exams-OAT

The OAT is a graduate exam that assesses a student’s qualification for optometry schools. Students wanting a career in optometry must take this exam. This exam contains four sections: Natural Sciences, Reading Comprehension, Quantitative Reasoning, and Physics.

• Frequently Asked Questions about the Optometry Admission Test (OAT)-A list of common questions about the OAT provided by the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry.
• OAT-Optometry Admission Test- An overview of the OAT including information about scoring.
• An Optometry Admission Test Study Guide- A study guide for the OAT for each section.

Years ago, a high school education was considered an adequate form of education for individuals who hoped to seek professional employment. Today, however, as the workforce becomes more and more competitive, a college education may become necessary. To obtain admission to specific colleges, universities, or technical schools, students traditionally need to take—and score well on—aptitude tests. The Scholastic Assessment Test, or SAT, is a test specific designed to evaluate the knowledge and test-taking ability of high school students. In addition, the test is commonly used by college administrators to evaluate how effective and functional a specific student will be in the college setting. Originally introduced in the mid-1920s, the SAT has changed quite dramatically in both form and function over the past several decades. It is important to note that while SAT scores can play an important role in determining acceptance into institutions of higher learning, they are not the sole factor. In fact, a combination of SAT scores, grade-point average, and extra-curricular activities is considered when granting college admission to high school students.

Currently, the SAT is divided into three distinct sections, which test a student’s ability in the areas of reading, mathematics, and writing. A students’ skill in each of these areas will be ranked on a scale of 200-800, resulting in a total score of 600 to 2400. While the SAT takes a total of three hours and 45-minutes to complete, it is not uncommon for test administrators to allow participants several, 15 to 30-minute timed breaks. These breaks allow students to use the bathroom, get a drink of water, and otherwise relax from the stressors of the exam. Without question, success on the SAT is essential for individuals who hope to obtain admission to institutions of higher education. Depending on the school to which the student has applied, SAT score requirements may vary quite dramatically. Students who hope to achieve success when it comes to the completion of the SAT are encouraged to prepare several months in advance before attempting the exam. Using online study tools, such as those provided below, can be an effective method of preparation for the SAT. In addition, high school students who need additional assistance when it comes to preparing for the SAT should work with high school guidance counselors or trusted instructors.

SAT Study Guides

• Study Guide Zone: SAT Test Study Guide
• Method Test Prep: Raising the Score!—SAT & ACT Study Guides
• Course Notes: SAT
• SAT Exam Prep: Free SAT Test Preparation
• The Essential Guide to the SAT!
• BTPS Testing: New Cliff Notes SAT Study Guide Released in April 2012! Written by BTPS Testing
• The Critical Reader: SAT/ACT Study Guides
• Mount Vernon High School: SAT and Act Information

SAT Vocabulary Flash Cards

• Super Kids: Education for the Future—PSAT and SAT Vocabulary Flashcards and Matching Game
• Quizlet: Flashcards—SAT Vocab
• HAS Tutoring: SAT Vocab Flashcards: Boost Your SAT Score with SAT Vocab Flashcards!
• Vocab Ahead: Vocabulary Videos for SAT/ACT
• Reading Care: Vocabulary Workshop
• Applerouth Tutoring Services, LLC: SAT Vocabulary Flash Cards
• Test Prep Authority: SAT Vocabulary Words—Now as Free, Interactive Video Flashcards!
• Undergrad Flash: SAT Vocab Flash Cards

SAT Practice Tests

• Free Practice Test for the SAT
• Full Practice Test
• SAT Prep
• Free SAT Practice Test
• StudyPoint’s Free SAT Practice Test Scoring Tool
• University Language Services: SAT Reading and Writing Practice Questions: Improve Your SAT Score
• ACT/SAT Practice Resources: ACT Test and SAT Test—Free Resources to Help Students Practice
• My Max Score: The Online SAT/ACT Prep That Works for You!

SAT Practice Quizzes

• SAT-Type Math Quiz 1
• Funnel Brain: Viewing All SAT Flashcard Sets and Quizzes
• Skill Guru: SAT Math Practice Quiz—Sharpen Your Percentages
• SAT Math Easy Practice Quiz: Numbers and Operations
• SAT Test Preparation Practice Exercises
• Analogies: Practice Quiz
• SAT Sample Test
• Stamford High School: SAT Website Help

Other SAT Prep Resources

• Peterson’s College Search: Test Prep Tips
• Test Prep: Nine Tips for SAT Success
• Top Five SAT Prep Tips for Students with ADHD
•  Scholastic Assessment Test Tips (SAT)
• SAT and ACT Test Preparation Tips
• Six Tips for Last Minute SAT Prep
• Six General SAT Test Prep Tips: How to Prepare for the SAT Test
• Improve SAT Scores with Simple Test Prep Tips

What to Study: Degrees, Majors, and Programs

Before you decide on a college, you need to know which major you plan to choose. Think about the things you are passionate about and what your ultimate career goals are. Whether you plan to be a teacher, doctor, scientist, or business owner, each plan should be customized for your individual desires. Think about the program you want to join, and then make your college decision based around it. Look for fully accredited schools that specialize in the major you are interested in. Then, narrow your choices down depending on the various requirements they have. Read the school’s website to find out more about the programs they offer so you have a clearer vision of what is in store for you. By deciding on a major, you will have a clearer vision of the school that will be right for you.

• What Should I Study in College? – This article discusses the hottest majors and careers out there today.
• Choosing a College Major – Use this helpful guide to assist you with deciding on the right college major for you.
• How to Chart Your Ideal Path – This website can help you determine which major will suit you the best.
• How to Pick the Right High School Courses – Read here to help you make smart choices in high school that will prepare you for college.

Where to Go: Choosing the Right College

Of course, deciding which college is right for you is the most important part of the process. Do you want to find a campus that is close to home, or do you prefer to move to a different state? Is a private university or public college more your style? Do you want to live in a dorm or off campus? What kinds of extracurricular activities does the college provide? These questions and many more should be asked, so you really have a clear picture of the college that will best suit your needs and personality. Since you will be attending this school for at least four years, you want to make sure the school is the right fit.

• How to Choose a College That’s Right for You – Read this helpful article and guide to assist you with deciding what college will be right for you.
• Choosing a College – Here are some suggestions to help you when choosing a college.
• How to Choose the Right College – This article has some good advice on choosing the right college.
• Finding a Good Fit – Use this guide to help you find the right fit for you when selecting a college.
• Picking the Right College – This brief article offers some good insight on picking the right college.
• Picking the Right College for You – Use this web page to help you think about what you want in an ideal college.
• College Selection Tips for Parents – Share this article with your parents regarding college selection.

How to Apply for College: Letters of Recommendation, Transcripts, and More

When you apply for college, there are many things that have to happen before your application can be approved. Some of these things include an entrance essay. This essay is essentially you in a nutshell: your goals and dreams, your background, and why you want to attend a specific college. Colleges also need your high school transcripts so they can see your prior classes and grades. Letters of recommendation are also often required from teachers, church members, or other influential adults in your life. Of course, don’t forget to take the SAT test, because most colleges utilize these scores to help determine whether or not you will be accepted. Most larger schools also require a completed application and application fees.

• How to Apply To College – This article helps explain the college application process.
• Applying 101 – This site discusses the basics of college applications.
• Applying to Schools – Here is some more information about applying to college.
• 15 Key College Admission Tips – Here are fifteen tips to help you when you apply to the college of your choice.
• What Students Should Know – This page has good information for students and what they need to know about applying for college.
• The College Search & Application Process – Here are some good resources and information about the college search and application process.
• Embark – This website is an excellent resource for students getting ready to enter college.
• Senior Year Checklist – Use this checklist in your senior year to help you learn how to apply and find the right college.

Paying for Schooling: Scholarships, Grants, Loans, & Financial Aid

Of course, paying for college is also extremely important. The cost of higher education is skyrocketing, so it’s essential to understand how to get the most out of your experience without paying the most out of pocket. Scholarships and grants offer students money that does not have to be paid back, but getting them is a process. Student loans can help you to pay for college, but they can collect interest over time and must be paid back. Fully understanding the scholarship, grant, and loan process will help you make the right choices and will make paying for college easier.

• 101 Ways to Pay for College – Here are some excellent suggestions to help you decide how to pay for college.
• Paying for College – This site offers a lot of helpful articles and resources so you can stay in the know about how to pay for college.
• Federal Student Aid – Learn more about the many federal student aid programs available here.
• FinAid! – This website is a great place to start when seeking out financial aid for college.
• 12 Tips on Paying for College in Tough Times – Everyone knows college is expensive; here’s some tips to help pay for it.
• Applying for Financial Aid – Here’s some great information on the financial aid application process.
• Saving for College – This website has some good advice on saving your money for college.
• Costly Myths & Mistakes – Here are some tips on what to avoid when deciding on how to pay for college.
• Pell Grants – Learn more about the federal Pell Grant here.

Knowing how to effectively perform research, hone one’s writing skills and prepare presentations are other skills that must also be mastered in order for students to obtain their desired degree. Each of these skills will make them a better student and improve the quality of their assignments. In addition, as important as these factors are while in college, some may even prove equally as important after graduation in terms of one’s professional career. Unfortunately, these skills do not always come naturally to every student and for them learning can be more difficult. For these students, studying skills can be learned with the right guidance and advice.

Time Management

• Time Management for College Students: A PDF that gives college students tips to help avoid procrastination and develop good time management skills. Includes a section on getting organized and creating a plan. At the end of the PDF there is a procrastination quiz.
• Time Management: A PDF from the Center for Teaching and Learning at Stanford University. The page gives students ten tips on developing good time management skills.
• Time Management for Right Brained People: A two paged PDF that provides time management guidance for people who are predominately use their right brain.
• Effective Time Management: A PDF from Duke University that explains the importance and advantages of good time management. It also provides students with directions on how to get started.
• Time Management for College Students: Suggestions on how college students can properly manage their time.
• Time Management for Students: An article on time management that recommends weekly task lists and calendars.

Note Taking

• College Success Tip: Note Taking: Defines note taking and provides tips on note taking and methods.
• Listen Actively and Take Great Notes: Discusses how to listen in class and take the best notes. Explains the Cornell method of note taking. Also discusses filling in notes immediately following the lecture.
• Lecture Note Taking: Summarizes how to take notes and gives helpful tips. Also includes how to recognize signal words that can help with note taking.
• Note Taking Skills: Provides tips on note taking skills that students can use. Begins with a yes or no quiz to help students evaluate their current note taking abilities.
• Hints for Good Note Taking: Outlines ten basic steps to good note taking and tips on taking useful notes.
• Note Taking Techniques: Includes general tips and tricks for note taking. Also explains what should be included when taking notes and why notes are necessary.

Study Habits

• Developing Effective Study Habits: A PDF from the University of Maryland that discusses study preferences, when to study, how to study, and organizing to study. It also discusses joining a study group and using memorization tricks.
• Developing Good Study Habits Really Works: A Psychology Today report on the benefits of good study habits. Gives some advice on how to develop these good habits.
• Developing College Study Skills: A page from the Western Nevada College website. Reviews what is necessary to develop good study skills, such as successful behavior, thinking, listening and reading.
• Developing Good Study Skills is More Than Hitting the Books: An article that discusses good study habits, when they are developed and the importance of developing. Mentions several useful study skills and habits that may be developed.
• How to Concentrate on Studying: A one page PDF that lists seven steps for studying. The PDF is from the College of Coastal Georgia and is an assignment for tutors.
• Assessing Your Study Habits: Clayton State University general guidelines for studying. This page also includes a link to online inventories on studying.

Writing Skills

• Four Ways to Improve Your Writing Skills: A PDF from St. Joseph’s College that charts four ways that students can improve their writing. Each step includes clear examples.
• Tips to Improve Your Writing Skills: The Art Institute of Pittsburgh provides useful tips on improving student writing skills. Four tips in bulleted format are given.
• Writing Skills: A PDF that provides guidance regarding writing skills. It includes topics such as six ways to boost writing skills, writing tips, and five steps for essay writing.
• Writing Tips: Five tips for improving writing in terms of academic writing.
• Purdue Owl: An online resource that helps student and other writers work through grammar and punctuations tips and advice.

Research

• Research Tips – Strategies for Library Research: Tips for research given on the Tarleton State University website. Strategies are listed under the heading “Research Tips.”
• Thinking About Questions – Beyond Topical Research: Tips on how asking better questions improves research. Examples are given.
• Step by Step Guide to Doing Research: Explains how to do research online. This step by step guide covers several pages.
• Research Tips: A PDF that outlines how to use the right tools when conducting research. Covers search engine’s, databases and online library catalogs.
• Surviving the Semester: Research Tips: A guide that covers several pages about researching. It offers tips on the best way to conduct research as well as advice on note taking and documentation.
• Tips on Research: A PDF that reviews search strategies, and explains how to cite and evaluate resources.

Test-Taking

• Test Taking Strategies: Consists of three sections that outline strategies for taking tests. Sections include before the test, during and after the test.
• Survival Strategies for Taking Tests: Strategies are broken into two sections about test taking. The first section is a brief discussion about before the testing. The second section includes strategies for the actual test.
• Test Taking Tips: Eight Spelman College test taking tips listed in numbered format.
• Test Taking Strategies and Suggestions: Reviews several aspects of test taking, such reducing anxiety, visualization and six types of common errors that people make when taking their tests.
• Math and Science Test Taking Tips: A checklist of tips that are meant specifically for taking tests that are math and science related.
• Managing Test Anxiety: Tips for students on how they can manage anxiety over testing. Includes effective study habits, memorizing content and other test taking strategies.

Presentation Tips

• Power Point Presentation Advice: This page gives advice on preparing, practicing and delivering the presentation. Each section provides detailed advice.
• Power Point Presentation Tips: Provides tips on using Power Point to enhance presentations.
• Presentation Tips: This web page lists eight simple tips that can improve a presentation.
• Oral Presentation Advice: This page gives advice on different types of presentations, such as conference or academic talks. Gives the reader tips on things to think about when preparing the presentation.
• Presentation Tips: Brief discussion on tips for oral and poster presentations.
• Northeastern University Presentation Tips: Overviews the importance of practicing a presentation in advance and testing the timing of the presentation. 

The National Center for Education Statistics reports that, as of the 2009-2010 school year, a four-year undergraduate education will average $128,736 if you attend a private college and $51,216 if you attend a public college. While some colleges may offer lower tuition rates, don’t forget to include the cost of rent, food, clothing, books, and more. That’s a lot of money to spend on an education, and doesn’t include the extra money needed if you plan to obtain a graduate degree.

• Fast Facts From the National Center for Education Statistics
• Student Loans—At All Time High
• University of Wisconsin Higher Education Fact Sheet (pdf)

Most students end up having to get a student loan to afford a college education, but they don’t think about the long term effects of such a loan. Student loan rates vary as well. Some start out at 3.4 percent, but most average 6.8 percent, and some are as high as 7.9 percent. Most student loans take a minimum of 10 years to repay. With the current economy, many college students are finding themselves with a hefty loan payment and a lack of good job openings. For a student who has borrowed $50,000 in student loans (with a 6.8 percent interest rate), an estimated minimum yearly salary of over $70,000 would be required to sufficiently pay off the debt. Most four-year college graduates cannot expect to make that kind of money from their first job.

• Loan Calculator
• Government Agencies That Provide Grants
• The City University of New York—Tuition Costs

To bring down the cost of your education, research all grant and scholarship opportunities out there. Grants and scholarships don’t have to be repaid, but many of them do have specific eligibility requirements that have to be met. For instance, the Pell Grant requires students to submit a Free Application for Federal Student Aid and meet specific income requirements. The U.S. Department of Education makes a decision on student financial aid based on a formula that includes your income and assets if you are independent from your parents, or includes the income and assets of your parents if you are dependent upon your parents for financial help. You must meet their filing deadlines and include income tax returns, and more, to qualify.

Many corporations, private charitable foundations, and associations often offer scholarships or grants to students of members or employees. Many organizations geared toward specific disciplines also offer grants or scholarships to qualifying students. Scholarships and grants can help ease the burden of the hefty cost of a college education. Colleges usually have a financial aid department that can also direct the student toward grants and scholarships, as well as provide help in calculating financial needs to complete a college education. States may also provide student aid information.

• Califronia Student Aid
• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Scholarships
• The Ricky Hendrick Scholarship

Some students also work while attending college to help defray these costs. But that can be a heavy load to bear, especially when you have to pay for rent, food, transportation, clothing, and more. While many high school graduates can’t wait to “get out on their own,” consider living at home while going to school to help ease the burden of room, board, and living expenses. Other options include attending a junior college for the general education core requirements; as long as you have verified that coursework will transfer over to a public or private college of your choice for the remaining two years.

Living in a dormitory on campus and eating at the college cafeteria may not sound all that glamorous, but if you are set on getting a college education, this is another way that you can help save on room and board costs. Many colleges also offer on-campus employment to help defray expenses for those students that qualify. Nowadays, to get a college education, you need to engage some creative thinking, keep all your options open and consider all the different opportunities available to help pay for that education.

• Scholarships at the University of California—Davis
• Dormitory Living at the University of Southern Mississippi
• On Campus Employment

Grant makers are often government entities, corporations, foundation or trusts, non-profit organizations, educational institutions, private businesses, or well-established individuals. Grant recipients participate in a long and arduous application process that may or may not lead to a successful submission. The majority of grant recipients may have financial assistance granted to them, because of poverty conditions or uncontrolled natural phenomena.

On the other hand, scholarships award students to further education based on criteria reflecting the values and sight of the donor. Generally, scholarship applicants have excelled in their academic studies, which prompted the donor to select the prospective student for tuition assistance. However, some foundation and trusts will offer scholarships to underprivileged students based on ethnic and racial backgrounds, income status, and parenthood status. The following links will direct prospective students to discover unlimited opportunities to further one’s education with the helping hand of any willing participant.

Grants.gov:

The United States Department of Health Services manages this federal website with an effort to promote federal grants for all individual seeking financial support.

ED.gov:

The United States Department of Education provides an all-inclusive searchable database with available options for students seeking financial aid.

FAFSA.gov:

Free Application For Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) ensures that eligible individuals can receive financial assistance for further education after high school.

NASA GSFC:

NASA offers both educational and research grants for those pursuing financing in the interest of the space program.

United Negro Collect Fund (UNCF):

The UNCF program manages an array of scholarship programs geared towards African American prospective students.

KODAK Scholarship Program:

The Kodak Scholarship program offers competitive awards of students demonstrating proficient film making production skills and creativity along with other academic successes.

Microsoft University Scholarship Program:

Microsoft offers different types of technical scholarships to undergraduates, including gender scholarships, minority scholarships, and disabled students scholarships.

McDonald’s Training and Education:

McDonald’s offers financial assistance for employees seeking a higher education, including scholarships into Hamburger University, a corporate management training center for advanced positions at the headquarters.

National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE):

The NSBE offers corporate-sponsored scholarships to undergraduate and graduate students majoring in engineering.

Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation:

The Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation aims to discover college sophomores who excel in leadership with vast potential for careers in government.

Marine Corps Scholarship Foundation:

The Marine Corps Scholarship Foundation provides scholarships and other financial assistance for families of those enrolled into the United States Marine Corps.

The Oxford and Rhodes Scholarships Trust:

The Rhodes Scholarship Trust selectively awards 32 talented students out of thousands of applicants from over 300 American colleges and universities for their outstanding academic achievements.

American Chemical Society:

The American Chemical Society directs future chemists to federal and private grants to further their secondary education.

The American Institute of Architects (AIA):

The AIA directs future architects to federal and private scholarships to assist in furthering their secondary education.

American Philosophical Society (APS):

The APS has assisted thousands of students in the past with their college tuition and other expenses.

Grants, Fellowships, and Other Funding Opportunities:

The American Political Science Association (APSA) sponsors multiple financial aid programs to support and train prospective students in political science.

Fulbright Scholarship Programs:

The Fulbright program offers thousands of scholarships to students seeking a secondary education abroad.

Outside Scholarships:

Yale University offers advice on applying for outside scholarships, especially for foreign students and underprivileged applicants.

Committee on General Scholarships of Harvard University:

General information for aspiring students seeking to join one of the most prestigious universities in the world.

Find Police and Law Enforcement Grants:

A state-by-state searchable database consisting of federal and private grants for those seeking a career in law enforcement.

The United States Department of Justice: Grants:

The USDOJ offers financial assistance opportunities for those looking to enroll into college, or research and support law enforcement agencies in their personal journey into the criminal justice system.

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service:

A subsidiary of the United States Department of Justice that provides federal funding options for an education in the criminal justice system.

Grants: How Many Different Types Exist?:

This article provides information on the various types of grants that exist, including the federal Pell grant, federal supplemental educational opportunity grant, and other funding options specific to Massachusetts.

What is a College Grant?

Grants are a type of college financial aid that does not have to be repaid by the borrower. The U.S. Department of Education offers several grants to students who are enrolled in community colleges, four-year colleges and universities, and technical schools. The Federal Pell Grant is available to undergraduate students who do not have previous professional degrees or bachelor’s degrees. As of 2012, the maximum Pell award is $5,550. This does not mean that every student will receive the maximum award, however. The Pell grant is awarded based on financial need and education costs.

The Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG) is for students who have substantial financial need. The amount given each year is anywhere from $100 to $4,000. The award amount depends on financial need and the availability of other funding sources. The federal government also offers special grants to children of veterans who died in Iraq or Afghanistan after September 11, 2011. The maximum award for this grant is $5,500. The Teacher Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) grant is available to students taking courses necessary for teaching at the elementary or secondary levels. Recipients must enroll in schools that participate in this grant program. Students interested in these grants must complete the Free Application for Student Aid (FAFSA). The Department of Education will then determine an expected family contribution (EFC), which will help college financial aid officers develop a financial aid package to help meet the student’s financial needs.

Some colleges and universities award grants to students who cannot cover their educational expenses with their loans, income, and savings. Each school has different criteria for awarding student grants. Some are awarded solely on the basis of financial need. Other grants reward students who participate in a specific activity or maintain a certain GPA. The best way to find out about available grants is to contact the financial aid office. Financial aid officers can provide information about all available grants and the eligibility criteria for each one.

Students should apply for grants as early as possible, as some schools award grants on a first come, first served basis. The deadline to file the federal FAFSA form is typically June 30. Each state has its own specific deadlines. Pennsylvania has a deadline of August 1, but North Carolina recommends that students apply as soon as possible following the first of the year. Some states stop giving awards once funds have been depleted. Colleges also have specific deadlines for filing financial aid forms. Check with a college financial aid officer to find out the cutoff date for grants.

• Federal Pell Grant: This page describes the Federal Pell Grant program and explains how the funds are disbursed.
• Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant: This resource lists the maximum award amount for the FSEOG and outlines the eligibility criteria.
• TEACH Grant Fact Sheet (PDF): This resource provides an overview of the TEACH grant program.

What is a Student Loan?

A student loan is money used to pay for educational expenses. The difference between a student loan and a student grant is that, like a car loan or home loan, a student loan must be paid back. There are several types of loan programs available for students attending community colleges, private colleges, state colleges, and trade schools. One of the most popular is the federal Stafford loan program. Subsidized Stafford loans are given on the basis of financial need. Students must be enrolled at least half time in order to receive this loan. The interest on this type of loan is deferred until repayment begins after graduation.

The unsubsidized Stafford loan is not given on the basis of financial need. Unlike the subsidized Stafford, the interest accrues immediately after the funds are disbursed to the student. Students must be enrolled in at least six credits in order to qualify for this type of loan. A completed FAFSA is required for both types of Stafford loans. The maximum amount of a Stafford loan depends on three factors: school year, whether the student is considered dependent or independent, and whether the student is an undergraduate or graduate student.

Dependent first-year students receive a maximum of $5,500. Independent first-year students receive a maximum of $9,500. For both types of students, only $3,500 of the loan funds can be subsidized. Second-year dependent students receive a maximum of $6,500, while second-year independent students receive a maximum of $10,500. Only $4,500 of this money can be subsidized. Students in their third, fourth, or fifth years of undergraduate school receive a maximum of $7,500 if they are dependent students, and $12,500 if they are independent students. The maximum amount subsidized is $5,500. All graduate students qualify for a total maximum of $20,500 and a subsidized maximum of $8,500.

The Perkins loan is a type of loan given to students who demonstrate financial need. This type of loan has the best terms available, as it comes with a low interest rate, and students do not have to repay their loans until nine months after leaving school. This type of loan does not require a credit check, so it is a good alternative to private loans that require good credit. To receive any federal loan, the student must not be in default on any other educational loan. The student must also meet all other eligibility requirements for receiving federal aid. The maximum award amount for this loan is $4,000 for undergraduate students, and $6,000 for graduate students.

Those who do not qualify for federal student loans should consider applying for private loans, which are also called alternative loans. These loans help students pay the costs that other types of financial aid do not cover. Students must have good credit to get a private loan. Since some high school students do not have credit histories, their parents may have to sign as co-borrowers. Select a co-borrower with a good credit score, as good credit helps borrowers get the best loan terms possible. Sources of private loans include credit unions and banks.

There are some pros and cons to taking student loans. One of the pros is that they help cover tuition, room and board, books, and other college expenses. Savings and income from a part-time job may not be enough to cover these expenses. The major con of taking out student loans is that they must be repaid. Repaying these loans may be difficult, especially if a student is unable to find employment after graduation. Federal loans typically have more attractive loan terms than private loans, so students should apply for this type of loan before applying for a loan with higher interest and fees.

• Stafford Loans: This resource lists the types of Stafford loans and explains the maximum award for each type of student.
• Federal Perkins Loan: This page explains the eligibility requirements for the federal Perkins loan.
• Private Loans: This resource explains why a student may need a co-borrower to qualify for a private loan.
• Pros and Cons of Co-signing for a Student Loan (PDF): This article discusses the use of private loans to cover the cost of a college education.
• Federal Student Loan Portal: This site allows students to view loan documents, sign loan promissory notes, and complete loan entrance counseling requirements.
• Entrance and Exit Counseling: This site allows students to fulfill the federal student loan entrance counseling and exit counseling requirements. The activities on this page explain the importance of repaying student loans.

What is a College Scholarship?

A college scholarship is an award given, based on a specific set of criteria. This is free money that does not have to be repaid, so it is ideal for students of all income levels. Schools, nonprofit organizations, community organizations, and businesses offer scholarships to students who meet specific eligibility criteria. A business might offer a scholarship to the student of an employee. Nonprofit organizations may offer scholarships to students who demonstrate financial need. Many scholarships require students to maintain specific grade point averages or enroll in specific academic programs. The requirements for each scholarship are different, so always read the application materials thoroughly.

The application requirements vary, based on each scholarship. Some only require students to complete a basic application. Others require students to write essays and gather letters of recommendation. Follow the application instructions carefully to avoid being disqualified. Some scholarships cover any education-related costs, so students can use them for tuition, fees, room and board, books, and class materials. Some scholarships only cover tuition. In some cases, the organization gives the scholarship directly to the student in the form of a check. The student is free to do what he or she wishes with the money. Applying as early as possible is important, as each organization has a limited amount of funds.

The major benefit of getting scholarships is that they do not have to be repaid. A $10,000 scholarship is a more attractive form of aid than a $10,000 loan with a 5 percent interest rate. Since the eligibility requirements vary for each scholarship, students who do not qualify for federal grants and loans may be able to gather funding by winning several scholarships. The biggest drawback of scholarships is that most programs are very selective and there is a lot of competition. It is difficult to stand out among 1,000 applicants, so students must put a lot of effort into fulfilling the application requirements.

• Scholarship Search: This college scholarship database allows students to search through thousands of scholarships.
• Scholarship Application Tips: This resource offers useful tips to help students improve their chances of winning college scholarships.
• College Scholarship Timeline: This article explains when students should start applying for scholarships.
• Quick Guide to Winning Scholarships (PDF): This resource contains practical tips for winning scholarships.
• Free Scholarship Database: This site allows students to search for scholarships based on specific criteria.